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The psychology of music can shed light on non-psychological aspects of musicology and musical practice. For example, it contributes to music theory through investigations of the perception and computational modelling of musical structures such as melody, harmony, tonality, rhythm, meter, and form.
An example is the phenomenon of tapping to the beat, where the listener anticipates the rhythmic accents in a piece of music. Another example is the effect of music on movement disorders: rhythmic auditory stimuli have been shown to improve walking ability in Parkinson's disease and stroke patients. [41] [42]
Simon Vouet, Saint Cecilia, c. 1626. Research into music and emotion seeks to understand the psychological relationship between human affect and music.The field, a branch of music psychology, covers numerous areas of study, including the nature of emotional reactions to music, how characteristics of the listener may determine which emotions are felt, and which components of a musical ...
For example, intensional definitions list aspects or elements that make up their subject. Some definitions refer to music as a score, or a composition: [ 18 ] [ 7 ] [ 19 ] music can be read as well as heard, and a piece of music written but never played is a piece of music notwithstanding.
Musicology (from Greek μουσική mousikē 'music' and -λογια-logia, 'domain of study') is the scholarly study of music.Musicology research combines and intersects with many fields, including psychology, sociology, acoustics, neurology, natural sciences, formal sciences and computer science.
Music has been shown to consistently elicit emotional responses in its listeners, and this relationship between human affect and music has been studied in depth. This includes isolating which specific features of a musical work or performance convey or elicit certain reactions, the nature of the reactions themselves, and how characteristics of the listener may determine which emotions are felt.
The basic elements of musical and lingual processing appear to be present at birth. For example, a French 2011 study that monitored fetal heartbeats found that past the age of 28 weeks, fetuses respond to changes in musical pitch and tempo. Baseline heart rates were determined by 2 hours of monitoring before any stimulus.
Music psychology uses the tools of musicology and psychology to explain and understand musical behavior and experience, including the processes by which music is perceived, created, responded to, and incorporated into everyday life.