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A cantata (/ k æ n ˈ t ɑː t ə /; Italian: [kanˈtaːta]; literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian verb cantare, "to sing") is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir.
Italian term Literal translation Definition A cappella: in chapel style: Sung with no (instrumental) accompaniment, has much harmonizing Aria: air: Piece of music, usually for a singer Aria di sorbetto: sorbet air: A short solo performed by a secondary character in the opera Arietta: little air: A short or light aria Arioso: airy A type of solo ...
Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. and Ger., respectively.
A secular wedding cantata, BWV 202, an Italian cantata , and the secular model for the Störmthal cantata BWV 194 probably originated around the same period. [9] [13] From 1723 until his death in 1750 Bach was employed as Thomaskantor in Leipzig: the bulk of his around 20 extant secular cantatas originated in this period. [14]
Cover of a 1921 libretto for Giordano's Andrea Chénier. A libretto (From the Italian word libretto, lit. ' booklet ') is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or musical.
Bach's autograph of the soprano aria in the cantata Herr, gehe nicht ins Gericht mit deinem Knecht, BWV 105. The cantatas composed by Johann Sebastian Bach, known as Bach cantatas (German: Bachkantaten), are a body of work consisting of over 200 surviving independent works, and at least several dozen that are considered lost.
The cantata is based on the hymn in three stanzas " Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme" (1599) by Philipp Nicolai, which covers the prescribed reading for the Sunday, the parable of the Ten Virgins. The text and tune of the three stanzas of the hymn appears unchanged in three of seven movements (1, 4 and 7).
Christmas cantatas have been written on texts in several other languages, such as Czech, Italian, Romanian, and Spanish. Christmas cantata can also mean the performance of the music. Many choirs have a tradition of an annual Christmas cantata.