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Initially the countercurrent exchange mechanism and its properties were proposed in 1951 by professor Werner Kuhn and two of his former students who called the mechanism found in the loop of Henle in mammalian kidneys a Countercurrent multiplier [14] and confirmed by laboratory findings in 1958 by Professor Carl W. Gottschalk. [15]
English: The exchange of heat in this diagram (1) is an example of countercurrent exchange. In this example the cold water requires the birds circulatory system to recycle heat and minimize heat loss through the skin.
Other than respiration, these filaments have other functions including the exchange of ions, water, acids, and ammonia. [1] [2] Fish respire by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping it over their gills. Within the gill filaments, capillary blood flows in the opposite direction to the water, causing countercurrent exchange ...
Countercurrent may refer to: Countercurrent pool; Countercurrent exchange; Countercurrent chromatography; Equatorial Counter Current; Counter-Currents, an alt-right online publication; Countercurrents.org, an Indian news website; two political party factions in Italy: Countercurrent (PRC faction, Italy), a faction of the Communist Refoundation ...
A countercurrent mechanism system is a mechanism that expends energy to create a concentration gradient. It is found widely in nature and especially in mammalian organs. For example, it can refer to the process that is underlying the process of urine concentration, that is, the production of hyperosmotic urine by the mammalian kidney .
(Reuters) - Russia declared a regional state of emergency on Saturday in Crimea, which it seized from Ukraine in 2014, as workers cleared tons of contaminated sand and earth on either side of the ...
A countercurrent exchange system is utilized between the venous and arterial capillaries. Lowering the pH levels in the venous capillaries causes oxygen to unbind from blood hemoglobin because of the Root effect. This causes an increase in venous blood oxygen partial pressure, allowing the oxygen to diffuse through the capillary membrane and ...
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