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Benzene, the most widely recognized aromatic compound with six delocalized π-electrons (4n + 2, for n = 1). In organic chemistry , Hückel's rule predicts that a planar ring molecule will have aromatic properties if it has 4 n + 2 π-electrons , where n is a non-negative integer .
After exposure to 63 to 405 mg/m 3 of benzene for 1 to 5 hours, 51 to 87% was excreted in the urine as phenol over a period of 23 to 50 hours. In another human study, 30% of absorbed dermally applied benzene, which is primarily metabolized in the liver, was excreted as phenol in the urine.
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...
To summarize, we are assuming that: (1) the energy of an electron in an isolated C(2p z) orbital is =; (2) the energy of interaction between C(2p z) orbitals on adjacent carbons i and j (i.e., i and j are connected by a σ-bond) is =; (3) orbitals on carbons not joined in this way are assumed not to interact, so = for nonadjacent i and j; and ...
Although not practiced under the name, aromatization is a cornerstone of oil refining. One of the major reforming reactions is the dehydrogenation of paraffins and naphthenes into aromatics. The process, which is catalyzed by platinum supported by aluminium oxide, is exemplified in the conversion methylcyclohexane (a naphthene) into toluene (an ...
The C 4-benzenes are a class of organic aromatic compounds which contain a benzene ring and four other carbon atoms. There are three tetramethylbenzenes , six dimethylethylbenzenes, three diethylbenzenes , three isopropylmethylbenzenes , three n -propylmethylbenzenes and four butylbenzenes .
These aromatic compounds are classed as phenols. There are three structural isomers : 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (the ortho isomer) is commonly known as catechol , 1,3-dihydroxybenzene (the meta isomer) is commonly known as resorcinol , and 1,4-dihydroxybenzene (the para isomer) is commonly known as hydroquinone .
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, also known as pseudocumene, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C 6 H 3 (CH 3) 3. Classified as an aromatic hydrocarbon , it is a flammable colorless liquid with a strong odor.