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2 Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City are not members of Schengen, but act as such via their open borders with Spain, France and Italy, respectively. 3 Switzerland is not an official member of EEA but has bilateral agreements largely with the same content, making it virtually a member.
As of 2025, the Schengen Area consists of 29 countries, including four which are not members of the European Union (EU). Two of the non-EU members – Iceland and Norway – are part of the Nordic Passport Union and are officially classified as states associated with the Schengen activities of the EU. [ 15 ]
Early drafts of the list were leaked and included up to ten countries, [7] but the final list issued by Russia only contained two—the United States and the Czech Republic. [2] In publishing the list, the Russian government restricted the Czech embassy in Russia to hiring no more than 19 Russian nationals, and prohibiting the U.S. embassy in ...
States in the Schengen Area have strengthened border controls with non-Schengen countries. Participating countries are required to apply strict checks on travellers entering and exiting the Schengen Area. These checks are co-ordinated by the European Union's Frontex agency, and subject to common rules. The details of border controls ...
The EFTA member states are all part of the Schengen Area, an area comprising 29 European states that have eliminated border controls with other Schengen members and strengthened border controls with non-Schengen countries. The Schengen area mostly functions as a single country for international travel purposes, with a common visa policy.
Those agreements are usually reciprocal with other countries allowing some EU/Schengen countries to work and travel outside the EU/Schengen countries. Those visas are bilateral and not multilateral for the whole EU/Schengen countries. All EU/Schengen countries have some Working Holiday Visa programs except Lichtenstein and Bulgaria.
The Entry/Exit System (EES) is a planned system of the European Union for the automatic electronic monitoring and recording of border crossings of third-country nationals (non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens) at all border crossings of the Schengen Area. The system will be operated by eu-LISA. [1] The most recently announced start date is "in 2025."
Countries of the Schengen area require non-EU passports to be less than 10 years old upon entry. [17] A number of holders of British passports, which until September 2018 could be issued with a validity period of up to 10 years and nine months if the previous passport was not expired, were unable to travel to the EU subsequent to Brexit due to this restriction.