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Hormone secreting pituitary adenomas cause one of several forms of hyperpituitarism.The specifics depend on the type of hormone. Some tumors secrete more than one hormone, the most common combination [8] being GH and prolactin, which present as gigantism or acromegaly and unexpected lactation (in both men and women).
Many pituitary tumors (25%) are found to have areas of hemorrhagic infarction on MRI scans, but apoplexy is not said to exist unless it is accompanied by symptoms. [1] [4] In some instances, lumbar puncture may be required if there is a suspicion that the symptoms might be caused by other problems (meningitis or subarachnoid hemorrhage).
A pituitary tumor causes SUNCT as a secondary headache. Some patients with a pituitary tumor complain of short-lasting heachaches. Upon removal of the tumor, the symptoms of SUNCT may disappear permanently. [11] Although it occurs very rarely, paranasal sinusitis can also cause secondary SUNCT. The symptoms of SUNCT in such cases can be removed ...
The usual suspects are pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, and meningiomas. Pituitary tumors are the most common cause of chiasmal syndromes. Visual field defects may be one of the first signs of non-functional pituitary tumor. These are much less frequent than functional adenomas.
Potential causes of cavernous sinus syndrome include metastatic tumors, direct extension of nasopharyngeal tumours, meningioma, pituitary tumors or pituitary apoplexy, aneurysms of the intracavernous carotid artery, carotid-cavernous fistula, bacterial infection causing cavernous sinus thrombosis, aseptic cavernous sinus thrombosis, idiopathic ...
One cause of pituitary growth associated with the risk of Sheehan's syndrome is the hyperplasia of lactotrophs which produce prolactin, the hormone responsible for milk production. [5] Other hormone-secreting cells of the pituitary undergo rapid growth in pregnant women as well, which contribute to the gland's enlargement. [10]
A common cause for hyperprolactinemia is prolactinomas and other tumors arising near the pituitary. These adjacent tumors, such as those that cause acromegaly , can physically compress the pituitary stalk and block the flow of dopamine from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland, causing prolactin levels to increase.
Melson's syndrome is a disorder that occurs in about one in four patients who have had both adrenal glands removed to treat extreme slackness. [1] In patients with pre-existing adrenocorticotropic hormone ()-secreting pituitary adenomas, loss of adrenal feedback following bilateral adrenalectomy can trigger the rapid growth of the tumor, leading to visual symptoms (e.g. bitemporal hemianopsia ...