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Certain lithium compounds, also known as lithium salts, are used as psychiatric medication, [5] primarily for bipolar disorder and for major depressive disorder. [5] Lithium is taken orally (by mouth). [5] Common side effects include increased urination, shakiness of the hands, and increased thirst. [5]
Although decreased verbal memory and slowed psychomotor speed are common side effects of lithium use [37] [38] these side effects usually disappear after discontinuation of lithium. Lithium may be protective of cognitive function in the long term since it promotes neurogenesis in the hippocampus and increases grey matter volume in the ...
Lithium toxicity, also known as lithium overdose, is the condition of having too much lithium. Symptoms may include a tremor, increased reflexes, trouble walking, kidney problems, and an altered level of consciousness .
Bipolar disorder is a long-term mood disorder characterized by major fluctuations ... Older twin studies suggest that 79 ... Some common side effects of bipolar medications include weight gain and ...
Lithium is preferred for long-term mood stabilization. [68] Lithium treatment is also associated with adverse effects and it has been shown to erode kidney and thyroid function over extended periods. [17] Valproate has become a commonly prescribed treatment and effectively treats manic episodes. [147]
Medications are used to reverse the symptoms of extrapyramidal side effects caused by antipsychotics or other drugs, by either directly or indirectly increasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. The treatment varies by the type of the EPS, but may involve anticholinergic agents such as procyclidine, benztropine, diphenhydramine, and trihexyphenidyl.
In general, large-scale studies do tend to show that long-term use of antidepressants is associated with weight gain side effects. However, study data on escitalopram and weight changes is very ...
Taking lithium salts has risks and side effects. Extended use of lithium to treat mental disorders has been known to lead to acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. [16] Lithium intoxication can affect the central nervous system and renal system and can be lethal. [17]