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Acid mine drainage, acid and metalliferous drainage (AMD), or acid rock drainage (ARD) is the outflow of acidic water from metal mines and coal mines. [citation needed]
The community possesses diversity beyond the bacteria and archaea however; the approximately constant pH present during acid mine drainage make for a reasonably stable environment, with a community that spans a number of trophic levels, and includes obligately acidophilic eukaryotes such as fungi, yeasts, algae and protozoa. [8]
A creek affected by abandoned mine drainage. Abandoned mine drainage (also known as AMD [1]) is a form of water pollution involving water that has been polluted by contact with mines, typically coal mines. [2] Although it is sometimes called "acid mine drainage", not all abandoned mine drainage is acidic. [3] [4]
Examination of different sites in the mine using fluorescent probes specific to the ARMAN groups has revealed that they are always present in communities associated with acid mine drainage (AMD), at Iron Mountain in northern California, that have pH < 1.5. They are usually found in low abundance (5–25%) in the community.
Uranium acid mine drainage refers to acidic water released from a uranium mining site using processes like underground mining and in-situ leaching. [1] Underground, the ores are not as reactive due to isolation from atmospheric oxygen and water. When uranium ores are mined, the ores are crushed into a powdery substance, thus increasing surface ...
The sulfuric acid causes leaching of iron, manganese, lead, copper, zinc and cadmium from the rock it interacts with. [3] Acid mine drainage is caused by both abandoned mines and mines in current excavation. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is responsible for surface water pollution in the mid-Atlantic region, as well. [4]
The Eastern Pennsylvania Coalition for Abandoned Mine Reclamation gained $150,000 from the Office of Surface Mining for the project. The treatment cost approximately $1,900,000 and is the largest acid mine drainage treatment system in the Coal Region. [6] Around 2000, plans were made to reroute Catawissa Creek away from the tunnel. [1]
This can happen in open pit mines as well as in underground mines. Large problems are also developing with abandoned mines that have accumulated acid mine drainage that are growing to become a larger problem as the water sits in the mine and reacts with the exposed rock. [12] There can be mitigation through proper management and with enough ...