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The third in 2022, on abolishing the defence opt-out, took place on 1 June 2022 with 66.9% voting yes, and 33.1% voting no. As a result, as of November 2022, Denmark has had three opt-outs: the euro opt-out, the policing-justice opt-out, and the citizenship opt-out, of which the last has been superfluous since the Amsterdam Treaty in 1997. [2]
Denmark uses the krone as its currency and does not use the euro, having negotiated the right to opt out from participation under the Maastricht Treaty of 1992. In 2000, the government held a referendum on introducing the euro, which was defeated with 53.2% voting no and 46.8% voting yes.
The opt-out from the JHA policy area was originally obtained by Ireland and the United Kingdom in a protocol to the Treaty of Amsterdam of 1997, and was retained by both in the Treaty of Lisbon. [4] In contrast, Denmark has a more rigid opt-out from the area of freedom, security and justice.
Denmark uses the krone as its currency and does not use the euro, having negotiated an opt-out from participation under the Edinburgh Agreement in 1992. In 2000, the government held a referendum on introducing the euro , which was defeated with 46.8% voting yes and 53.2% voting no.
English (en): A map of the Eurozone and the status of the surrounding countries and territories. EU member states using the euro (Euro area) ERM II member states with an opt-out
1 in ERM II, without an opt-out 1 in ERM II, with an opt-out ( Denmark ) 5 not in ERM II, but obliged to join the eurozone on meeting the convergence criteria ( Czech Republic , Hungary , Poland , Romania , and Sweden )
In 2016, Kristian Thulesen Dahl, then leader of the Danish People's Party (DPP), said that he wanted a referendum on whether Denmark should leave the EU. [8] [9]In 2020, Morten Messerschmidt, leader of the DPP since 2022, said that his country might leave the European Union within the next few years due to what he believed would be "the success of Brexit".
The JHA opt-out exempts Denmark from certain areas of home affairs. Significant parts of these areas were transferred from the third European Union pillar to the first under the Amsterdam Treaty; Denmark's opt-outs from these areas were kept valid through additional protocols, so they now have an opt-out from the Area of freedom, security and ...