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Potamotrygon falkneri, the largespot river stingray or reticulated freshwater stingray, is a species of freshwater stingray in the family Potamotrygonidae from tropical and subtropical South America. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is sometimes seen in the aquarium trade, but requires a very large tank.
Potamotrygon is a genus of freshwater stingrays in the family Potamotrygonidae native to the rivers of South America, [1] and sometimes seen in the aquarium trade. [2] It inhabits rivers of tropical and subtropical climates, especially those of the Amazon basin and is virtually present in all South American countries, except for Chile.
Potamotrygon leopoldi is part of a species complex of blackish river rays with contrasting pale spots found in the Tapajós, Xingu and Tocantins basins [3]. River stingrays are almost circular in shape, and range in size from Potamotrygon wallacei, which reaches 31 cm (1.0 ft) in disc width, [9] to the chupare stingray (S. schmardae), which grows up to 2 m (6.6 ft) in disc width. [10]
The reticulate whipray or honeycomb stingray (Himantura uarnak) is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. It inhabits coastal waters in the western Indian Ocean including the Red Sea , Natal and the Arabian Sea; also a Lessepsian transmigrant in the eastern Mediterranean.
The short-tailed river stingray is circular in shape and humped in the back. [7] The species can reach about 1.9 m (6 ft) in disc diameter and 220 kg (490 lb) in weight, making it the largest freshwater species in the family Potamotrygonidae. [3] [4] [8] They have a dark pattern on their backs, probably used as camouflage. [7]
The leopard round stingray has a circular body disc with a dorsum that lacks tubercles. Its dorsum also possesses a grayish or tan base coloration, dusky patches that usually form a honeycomb pattern, and small, and dark spots that vary in size. The ray's thick tail (which is shorter than its disc) is armed with a venomous tail spine. [2]
Urotrygon aspidura, also known as the spiny-tail round ray or Panamic stingray, is a species of stingray native to the eastern-central and south-eastern Pacific, southern Baja, and the Gulf of California. It can grow up to 42 cm. They are severely threatened by shrimp fisheries. Urotrygon aspidura
The leopard whipray (Himantura leoparda) is a little-known species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans from the Andaman Sea to the Coral Triangle. It is found close to shore at depths shallower than 70 m (230 ft), over soft substrates .