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In meteorology, an anemometer (from Ancient Greek άνεμος (ánemos) 'wind' and μέτρον (métron) 'measure') is a device that measures wind speed and direction. It is a common instrument used in weather stations. The earliest known description of an anemometer was by Italian architect and author Leon Battista Alberti (1404–1472) in 1450.
Anemometer for measuring wind speed; Pyranometer for measuring solar radiation; Rain gauge for measuring liquid precipitation over a set period of time; Wind sock for measuring general wind speed and wind direction; Wind vane (also called a weather vane or a weathercock) for showing the wind direction
An anemoscope c1920s built by the American instrument maker Julien P. Friez & Sons is in the collection of Harvard university was designed to be used as part of an automatic wind recorder alongside a wind speed measuring anemometer. [3] Today anemoscopes are used in meteorological stations, and in transport especially boats.
The anemometer of the earth inductor compass on the Spirit of St. Louis shows as a small "T" shape above the fuselage behind the wing. The Earth inductor compass (or simply induction compass [1]) is a compass that determines directions using the principle of electromagnetic induction, with the Earth's magnetic field acting as the induction field for an electric generator. [2]
Anemometer rotations to scale numbers were standardised only in 1923. George Simpson, CBE (later Sir George Simpson), director of the UK Meteorological Office, was responsible for this and for the addition of the land-based descriptors. [2] The measures were slightly altered some decades later to improve its utility for meteorologists.
Anemometer, weather vane, anemoscope A windsock (a wind cone or wind sleeve) is a conical textile tube that resembles a giant sock . It can be used as a basic indicator of wind speed and direction , or as decoration.