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The total cardiomyocyte growth is given by: λ = λ e ⋅ F λ g {\displaystyle \lambda =\lambda ^{e}\cdot F\lambda ^{g}\,} The above model reveals a gradual dilation of the myocardium , especially the ventricular myocardium, to support the blood volume overload in the chambers.
Additionally, the contractility and electrophysiological environment of the cardiomyocyte are regulated by the cardiac endothelium. [ 5 ] The endocardial endothelium may also act as a kind of blood–heart barrier (analogous to the blood–brain barrier ), thus controlling the ionic composition of the extracellular fluid in which the ...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, or HOCM when obstructive) is a condition in which muscle tissues of the heart become thickened without an obvious cause. [8] The parts of the heart most commonly affected are the interventricular septum and the ventricles. [10]
Myocardial contractility represents the innate ability of the heart muscle (cardiac muscle or myocardium) to contract.It is the maximum attainable value for the force of contraction of a given heart.
Cardiomyopathy is a group of primary diseases of the heart muscle. [1] Early on there may be few or no symptoms. [1] As the disease worsens, shortness of breath, feeling tired, and swelling of the legs may occur, due to the onset of heart failure. [1]
Cardiomyocyte proliferation refers to the ability of cardiac muscle cells to progress through the cell cycle and continue to divide. Traditionally, cardiomyocytes were believed to have little to no ability to proliferate and regenerate after birth. [ 1 ]
The lack of oxygen (hypoxia) causes cell death in a localized area which is perfused by blood vessels failing to deliver primarily oxygen, but also other important nutrients. While ischemia in most tissues of the body will cause coagulative necrosis, in the central nervous system ischemia causes liquefactive necrosis , as there is very little ...
Neonatal isoerythrolysis occurs if a foal is born with a blood group that is different from its dam, and then receives antibodies against those red blood cells (alloantibodies) through the mare's colostrum, leading to the lysis of the foal's red blood cells. There are thus three requirements for this disease to occur: