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Since 1995, the Internet has tremendously impacted culture and commerce, including the rise of near-instant communication by email, instant messaging, telephony (Voice over Internet Protocol or VoIP), two-way interactive video calls, and the World Wide Web [57] with its discussion forums, blogs, social networking services, and online shopping ...
Information and communications technology (ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications [1] and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage and audiovisual, that enable users to access, store, transmit, understand and ...
History of Internet components History of packet switching – a method of grouping data into packets that are transmitted over a digital network, conceived independently by Paul Baran and Donald Davies in the early and mid-1960s. History of communication protocols – the set of rules to enable data communication between computers on a network.
The most notable example of internetworking is the Internet, a network of networks based on many underlying hardware technologies. The Internet is defined by a unified global addressing system , packet format, and routing methods provided by the Internet Protocol .
The most striking example of an overlay network is the Internet itself. The Internet itself was initially built as an overlay on the telephone network. [52] Even today, each Internet node can communicate with virtually any other through an underlying mesh of sub-networks of wildly different topologies and technologies.
Computer-mediated communication (CMC) is defined as any human communication that occurs through the use of two or more electronic devices. [1] While the term has traditionally referred to those communications that occur via computer-mediated formats (e.g., instant messaging, email, chat rooms, online forums, social network services), it has also been applied to other forms of text-based ...
Public relations is the art and science of managing communication between an organisation and its key publics to build, manage and sustain its positive image. Examples include: Examples include: Corporations use marketing public relations to convey information about the products they manufacture or services they provide to potential customers ...
The PLATO system was launched in 1960 at the University of Illinois and subsequently commercially marketed by Control Data Corporation.It offered early forms of social media features with innovations such as Notes, PLATO's message-forum application; TERM-talk, its instant-messaging feature; Talkomatic, perhaps the first online chat room; News Report, a crowdsourced online newspaper, and blog ...