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  2. Promoter (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promoter_(genetics)

    General transcription factors bind to the promoter. When a transcription factor is activated by a signal (here indicated as phosphorylation shown by a small red star on a transcription factor on the enhancer) the enhancer is activated and can now activate its target promoter. The active enhancer is transcribed on each strand of DNA in opposite ...

  3. Transcription factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_factor

    Other transcription factors differentially regulate the expression of various genes by binding to enhancer regions of DNA adjacent to regulated genes. These transcription factors are critical to making sure that genes are expressed in the right cell at the right time and in the right amount, depending on the changing requirements of the organism.

  4. General transcription factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_transcription_factor

    A transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences (enhancer or promoter), either alone or with other proteins in a complex, to control the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA by promoting (serving as an activator) or blocking (serving as a repressor) the recruitment of RNA polymerase.

  5. Enhancer (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhancer_(genetics)

    General transcription factors bind to the promoter. When a transcription factor is activated by a signal (here indicated as phosphorylation shown by a small red star on a transcription factor on the enhancer) the enhancer is activated and can now activate its target promoter. The active enhancer is transcribed on each strand of DNA in opposite ...

  6. Transcriptional regulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcriptional_regulation

    General transcription factors bind to the promoter. When a transcription factor is activated by a signal (here indicated as phosphorylation shown by a small red star on a transcription factor on the enhancer) the enhancer is activated and can now activate its target promoter. The active enhancer is transcribed on each strand of DNA in opposite ...

  7. Regulatory sequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_sequence

    Several cell function specific transcription factor proteins (in 2018 Lambert et al. indicated there were about 1,600 transcription factors in a human cell [8]) generally bind to specific motifs on an enhancer [9] and a small combination of these enhancer-bound transcription factors, when brought close to a promoter by a DNA loop, govern the ...

  8. Activator (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activator_(genetics)

    A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. [1] Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.

  9. Cis-regulatory element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cis-regulatory_element

    In the looping model, the transcription factor binds to the cis-regulatory module, which then causes the looping of the DNA sequence and allows for the interaction with the target gene promoter. The transcription factor-cis-regulatory module complex causes the looping of the DNA sequence slowly towards the target promoter and forms a stable ...