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In phonetics, vowel roundedness is the amount of rounding in the lips during the articulation of a vowel. It is labialization of a vowel. When a rounded vowel is pronounced, the lips form a circular opening, and unrounded vowels are pronounced with the lips relaxed. In most languages, front vowels tend to be unrounded, and back vowels tend
name height backness roundness IPA number IPA text IPA image Entity X-SAMPA Sound sample Close front unrounded vowel: close: front: unrounded: 301: i i i Sound sample
close-mid front rounded vowel, open-mid front rounded vowel or mid front rounded vowel: ø, œ or ø̞: Americanist and Uralicist notation ü: u with diaeresis: close front rounded vowel or near-close near-front rounded vowel: y or ʏ: Americanist and Uralicist notation k’ t’ etc. right single quotation mark: Korean fortis k͈ t͈ etc.
open-mid back unrounded vowel: RP and US English run, enough: A: ɑ: open back unrounded vowel: English arm, US English law, Canadian French âme, Finnish alku: u: u: close back rounded vowel: English soon, Spanish tú, French goût, German Hut, Italian tutto: U: ʊ: near-close back rounded vowel: English put, (non-US)Buddhist, German Mutter: o ...
The following figures depict the phonetic vowels and their Unicode / UCS code points, arranged to represent the phonetic vowel trapezium. Vowels appearing in pairs in the figure to the right indicate rounded and unrounded variations respectively. Again, characters with Unicode names referring to phonemes are indicated by bold text.
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association. It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world's languages, only those about which stand-alone articles exist in this encyclopedia.
Only the symbols in the latest IPA chart are included. The numbers in the leftmost column, according to which the symbols are sorted, are the IPA Numbers.Some of the IPA symbols to which a system lacks a corresponding symbol may still be represented in that system by use of a modifier (diacritic), but such combinations are not included unless the documentation explicitly assigns one for the value.
Symbol Description A A open vowel or fronted vowel. ə A reduced vowel or central vowel. O A front or back rounded mid vowel. ö A front (more rarely central) rounded mid vowel. ø U A rounded vowel or backed vowel. ü A front (more rarely central) rounded close vowel. y V Any vowel. Ṽ Any nasal vowel.