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  2. Nassi–Shneiderman diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nassi–Shneiderman_diagram

    The second type of branching block is a multiple branching block. This block is used when a select case is needed in a program. The block usually contains a question or select case. The block provides the program with an array of choices and is often used in conjunction with sub process blocks to save space. Multiple branching blocks

  3. For loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_loop

    for e in c while w do # loop body od; The in c clause specifies the container, which may be a list, set, sum, product, unevaluated function, array, or object implementing an iterator. A for-loop may be terminated by od, end, or end do.

  4. Flowchart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowchart

    A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents a workflow or process. A flowchart can also be defined as a diagrammatic representation of an algorithm , a step-by-step approach to solving a task. The flowchart shows the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting the boxes with arrows.

  5. Sentinel value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentinel_value

    In computer programming, a sentinel value (also referred to as a flag value, trip value, rogue value, signal value, or dummy data) is a special value in the context of an algorithm which uses its presence as a condition of termination, typically in a loop or recursive algorithm.

  6. Data-flow diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data-flow_diagram

    Specific operations based on the data can be represented by a flowchart. [1] There are several notations for displaying data-flow diagrams. The notation presented above was described in 1979 by Tom DeMarco as part of structured analysis. For each data flow, at least one of the endpoints (source and / or destination) must exist in a process.

  7. Control-flow graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-flow_graph

    Some CFG examples: (a) an if-then-else (b) a while loop (c) a natural loop with two exits, e.g. while with an if...break in the middle; non-structured but reducible (d) an irreducible CFG: a loop with two entry points, e.g. goto into a while or for loop A control-flow graph used by the Rust compiler to perform codegen.

  8. Foreach loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreach_loop

    In computer programming, foreach loop (or for-each loop) is a control flow statement for traversing items in a collection. foreach is usually used in place of a standard for loop statement.

  9. State diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_diagram

    The figure below shows a comparison of a state diagram with a flowchart. A state machine (panel (a)) performs actions in response to explicit events. In contrast, the flowchart (panel (b)) automatically transitions from node to node upon completion of activities. [9] Nodes of flowcharts are edges in the induced graph of states.