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The Roman Empire was one of the largest in history, with contiguous territories throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. [56] The Latin phrase imperium sine fine ("empire without end" [ 57 ] ) expressed the ideology that neither time nor space limited the Empire.
The British Empire (red) and Mongol Empire (blue) were the largest and second-largest empires in history, respectively. The precise extent of either empire at its greatest territorial expansion is a matter of debate among scholars.
Barbarian invasions of the Roman Empire, showing the Battle of Adrianople. Meanwhile, the Eastern Roman Empire faced its own problems with Germanic tribes. The Thervingi, an East Germanic tribe, fled their former lands following an invasion by the Huns. Their leaders Alavivus and Fritigern led them to seek refuge in the Eastern Roman Empire.
The Western Roman Empire collapsed in 476 after the city was conquered by the Ostrogothic Kingdom. Consequently, Rome's power declined, and it eventually became part of the Eastern Roman Empire, as the Duchy of Rome, from the 6th to 8th centuries. At this time, the city was reduced to a fraction of its former size, being sacked several times in ...
The Holy Roman Empire, [f] headed by the Holy Roman Emperor, [16] developed in Central Europe in the Early Middle Ages and lasted for almost a thousand years until its dissolution in 1806. [ 17 ] On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne Roman emperor, reviving the title more than three centuries after the fall of ...
The Roman Empire spanned from the British Isles to Egypt, with various rulers and forms of governments throughout its history. According to the History Channel , the city we know as Rome was ...
Encompassing approximately 5.5 million square kilometers at its height in 500 BC, [23] [24] the Achaemenid Empire was territorially the largest empire of antiquity. [ dubious – discuss ] In its time it had political power over neighboring countries, and had high cultural and economic achievements during its lengthy rule over a vast region ...
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]