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Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of clinically evident vitamin B 12 deficiency worldwide. [14] Pernicious anemia due to autoimmune problems occurs in about one per 1000 people in the US. Among those over the age of 60, about 2% have the condition. [ 8 ]
Treatment should take into account the cause and severity of the condition. [6] Treatment is done by vitamin B 12 supplementation, either by mouth or by injection. [3] Initially in high daily doses, followed by less frequent lower doses, as the condition improves. [3] If a reversible cause is found, that cause should be corrected if possible. [11]
Look for these warning signs of vitamin B12 deficiency. You could be experiencing both mental and physical symptoms. ... Causes. Eating a diet devoid of any animal products, fortified plant-based ...
Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms . Vitamin B12 deficiency has a few hallmark symptoms, according to doctors: Lack of energy. Mental fatigue. Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Lack of appetite. Weight loss
A second major cause is an age-related decline in stomach acid production (achlorhydria), because acid exposure frees protein-bound vitamin. [12] For the same reason, people on long-term antacid therapy, using proton-pump inhibitors , [ 13 ] H 2 blockers or other antacids are at increased risk.
While many different things can cause diarrhea—including infections or a more serious gastrointestinal condition—in most cases, it will go away after a few days without the need for treatment.