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White sponge nevus (WSN) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant [4] condition of the oral mucosa (the mucous membrane lining of the mouth). It is caused by one or more mutations in genes coding for keratin, which causes a defect in the normal process of keratinization of the mucosa.
Alveolar mucosa, the lining between the buccal and labial mucosae. It is a brighter red, smooth, and shiny with many blood vessels, and is not connected to underlying tissue by rete pegs. [6] Buccal mucosa, the inside lining of the cheeks; part of the lining mucosa. Labial mucosa, the inside lining of the lips; part of the lining mucosa. [7]
[1]: 533 [3]: 566 Sometimes they may show gross overgrowth and even horn-like structures may develop. [4] Skin malignancy, although rare, is reported from all types of porokeratosis. Squamous cell carcinomas have been reported to develop in Mibelli's type porokeratosis over partianal areas involving anal mucosa. This was the first report ...
As its Latin name indicates, it is a characteristic component of the mucosa, or the mucosa's "own special layer." Thus, the term mucosa or mucous membrane refers to the combination of the epithelium and the lamina propria. [1] The connective tissue of the lamina propria is loose and rich in cells.
Leukoplakia is a firmly attached white patch on a mucous membrane which is associated with increased risk of cancer. [4] [5] The edges of the lesion are typically abrupt and the lesion changes with time. [4] [6] Advanced forms may develop red patches. [6] There are generally no other symptoms. [9]
Tobacco is the greatest single cause of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Using tobacco increases the risk of oral cancer by 3 to 6 times [20] [9] and is responsible for around 40% of all oral cancers. [21] Smokeless tobacco (including chewing tobacco, snuff, snus) also causes oral cancer. [22] [23] [24] Cigar and pipe smoking are also important risk ...
Early lesions may appear as thin, translucent and granular or wrinkled mucosa. [2] [6] The later lesion may appear thicker, more opaquely white and hyperkeratotic with fissures and folds. [6] [2] Oral snuff causes more pronounced changes in the oral mucosa than tobacco chewing. [1] Snuff dipping is associated more with verrucous keratosis. [1]
Accumulation of these cancer cells causes a microscopic focus of abnormal cells that are, at least initially, locally confined within the specific tissue in which the progenitor cell resided. This condition is called squamous-cell carcinoma in situ , and it is diagnosed when the tumor has not yet penetrated the basement membrane or other ...