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Arterial occlusion is a condition involving partial or complete blockage of blood flow through an artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to body tissues. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] An occlusion of arteries disrupts oxygen and blood supply to tissues, leading to ischemia . [ 1 ]
Causes include arterial embolisms and skeletal muscle infarction as a rare complication of long standing, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. [12] A major presentation is painful thigh or leg swelling. [12] Bone: Infarction of bone results in avascular necrosis. Without blood, the bone tissue dies and the bone collapses. [13]
Vascular occlusion is a blockage of a blood vessel, usually with a clot. It differs from thrombosis in that it can be used to describe any form of blockage, not just one formed by a clot. When it occurs in a major vein , it can, in some cases, cause deep vein thrombosis .
Coronary ischemia and coronary artery disease are contributors to the development of heart failure over time. [10] Diagnosis of coronary ischemia is achieved by an attaining a medical history and physical examination in addition to other tests such as electrocardiography (ECG), stress testing, and coronary angiography. [11]
However, diabetes does cause higher morbidity, mortality and operative risks with these conditions. [41] Diabetic foot, often due to a combination of sensory neuropathy (numbness or insensitivity) and vascular damage, increases rates of skin ulcers (diabetic foot ulcers) and infection and, in serious cases, necrosis and gangrene. It is why it ...
Defects in cellular processes such as autophagy and mitophagy are thought to contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. [2] Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized functionally by ventricular dilation, enlargement of heart cells, prominent interstitial fibrosis and decreased or preserved systolic function [5] in the presence of a diastolic dysfunction.
Complications may include seizures, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, mesenteric artery occlusion, or rhabdomyolysis. [2] The main risk factor is a history of diabetes mellitus type 2. [4] Occasionally it may occur in those without a prior history of diabetes or those with diabetes mellitus type 1.
An occlusion of the artery would be seen by decreased or absent flow distal to the occlusion. Doppler ultrasound can even distinguish between embolic and thrombotic plaque. The former would show a delineated, round thrombus, whereas the latter would show narrowed arterial lumen with atherosclerotic plaque.