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Mathematical logic is the study of formal logic within mathematics.Major subareas include model theory, proof theory, set theory, and recursion theory (also known as computability theory).
Graphs such as these are among the objects studied by discrete mathematics, for their interesting mathematical properties, their usefulness as models of real-world problems, and their importance in developing computer algorithms.
In mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language.In most scenarios a deductive system is first understood from context, after which an element of a deductively closed theory is then called a theorem of the theory.
In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra.It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the variables are the truth values true and false, usually denoted 1 and 0, whereas in elementary algebra the values of the variables are numbers.
Computational logic is the use of logic to perform or reason about computation.It bears a similar relationship to computer science and engineering as mathematical logic bears to mathematics and as philosophical logic bears to philosophy.
The problem of estimating the maximum of a discrete uniform distribution on the integer interval [,] from a sample of k observations is commonly known as the German tank problem, following the practical application of this maximum estimation problem, during World War II, by Allied forces seeking to estimate German tank production.
A logical formula is considered to be in DNF if it is a disjunction of one or more conjunctions of one or more literals. [2] [3] [4] A DNF formula is in full disjunctive normal form if each of its variables appears exactly once in every conjunction and each conjunction appears at most once (up to the order of variables).
Combinatory logic is a notation to eliminate the need for quantified variables in mathematical logic.It was introduced by Moses Schönfinkel [1] and Haskell Curry, [2] and has more recently been used in computer science as a theoretical model of computation and also as a basis for the design of functional programming languages.