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The Immigration Act of 1924, or Johnson–Reed Act, including the Asian Exclusion Act and National Origins Act (Pub. L. 68–139, 43 Stat. 153, enacted May 26, 1924), was a United States federal law that prevented immigration from Asia and set quotas on the number of immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe.
The Immigration Act of 1924, also called the National Origins Act, provided that for three years the formula would change from 3% to 2% and the basis for the calculation would be the census of 1890 instead of that of 1910. After June 30, 1927, total immigration from all countries will be limited to 150,000, with allocations by country based ...
The 1921 quota system was extended temporarily by a more restrictive formula assigning quotas based on 2 percent of the number of foreign-born in the 1890 census while a more complex quota plan, the National Origins Formula, was computed to replace this "emergency" system under the provisions of the Immigration Act of 1924 (Johnson-Reed Act ...
The McCarran-Walter Immigration and Nationality Act goes into effect, repealing the National Origins Act of 1924 and allowing immigration quotas to Japan and other Asian countries. This Act gives the rights of naturalization and eventual citizenship for Asians not born in the United States and sets a quota of 105 immigrants per year for each ...
The Immigration Act of 1917 (also known as the Literacy Act or the Burnett Act [1] and less often as the Asiatic Barred Zone Act) was a United States Act that aimed to restrict immigration by imposing literacy tests on immigrants, creating new categories of inadmissible persons, and barring immigration from the Asia–Pacific region.
The Gentlemen's Agreement was never written into a law passed by the US Congress, but was an informal agreement between the United States and Japan, enacted via unilateral action by President Roosevelt. It was nullified by the Immigration Act of 1924, which legally banned all Asians from migrating to the United States. [12]
More significantly, the 1924 Act at § 11(b) prescribed that beginning July 1, 1927, and for each fiscal year thereafter, the annual quota shall bear the same ratio to 150,000 as the number of inhabitants in the United States in 1920 having that national origin, i.e. the National Origins Formula.
Additionally, the Immigration Act of 1924 formally opened the door to chain migration from the entire western hemisphere, placing that group under non-quota status. The abolition of the National Origins quota system came with the Hart–Celler Act of 1965. This legislation placed a heavy emphasis on family reunification, designating 74% of ...