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The early 1980s recession was a severe economic recession that affected much of the world between approximately the start of 1980 and 1982. [2] [1] [3] Long-term effects of the early 1980s recession contributed to the Latin American debt crisis, long-lasting slowdowns in the Caribbean and Sub-Saharan African countries, [3] the US savings and loan crisis, and a general adoption of neoliberal ...
Country or currency union Central bank interest rate (%) Change Effective date of last change Average inflation rate 2017–2021 (%) by WB and IMF [1] [2] as in the List Central bank interest rate
Monetary policy is the outcome of a complex interaction between monetary institutions, central banker preferences and policy rules, and hence human decision-making plays an important role. [100] It is more and more recognized that the standard rational approach does not provide an optimal foundation for monetary policy actions.
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Independence typically means that the members of the committee which conducts monetary policy have long, fixed terms. Obviously, this is a somewhat limited independence. In the 1990s, central banks began adopting formal, public inflation targets with the goal of making the outcomes, if not the process, of monetary policy more transparent.
The idea of the impossible trinity went from theoretical curiosity to becoming the foundation of open economy macroeconomics in the 1980s, by which time capital controls had broken down in many countries, and conflicts were visible between pegged exchange rates and monetary policy autonomy. While one version of the impossible trinity is focused ...
The Monetary Policy Report to the Congress is a semi-annual report prepared by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve and presented to the Congress of the United States. The Chairman of the Board of Governors is called on to offer oral testimony about the report to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and ...
The monetary transmission mechanism is the process by which asset prices and general economic conditions are affected as a result of monetary policy decisions. Such decisions are intended to influence the aggregate demand , interest rates , and amounts of money and credit to affect overall economic performance.