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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 February 2025. Economic and sociopolitical worldview For the political ideology commonly associated with states governed by communist parties, see Marxism–Leninism. Karl Marx, after whom Marxism is named. Friedrich Engels, who co-developed Marxism. Marxism is a political philosophy and method of ...
Marxism considers itself to be the embodiment of scientific socialism but does not model an ideal society based on the design of intellectuals, whereby communism is seen as a state of affairs to be established based on any intelligent design; rather, it is a non-idealist attempt at the understanding of material history and society, whereby ...
The dominant forms of communism are based on Marxism, but non-Marxist versions of communism such as anarchist communism and Christian communism also exist. According to The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx , "Marx used many terms to refer to a post-capitalist society—positive humanism, socialism, Communism, realm of free individuality, free ...
While the emergence of the Soviet Union as the world's first nominally communist state led to communism's widespread association with Marxism–Leninism and the Soviet model, [19] [30] [31] several academics say that Marxism–Leninism in practice was a form of state capitalism.
The socialist mode of production, also known as socialism or communism, [a] is a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that emerge from capitalism in the schema of historical materialism within Marxist theory.
The term ultra-leftism in English, when used among Marxist groups, is often a pejorative for certain types of positions on the far-left that are extreme or uncompromising, [235] such as a particular current of Marxist communism, where the Comintern rejected social democratic parties and all other progressive groupings outside of the Communist ...
The history of communism encompasses a wide variety of ideologies and political movements sharing the core principles of common ownership of wealth, economic enterprise, and property. [1] [2] Most modern forms of communism are grounded at least nominally in Marxism, a theory and method conceived by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels during the 19th ...
An outline of "Marxism" had definitely formed in the mind of Karl Marx by late 1844. Indeed, many features of the Marxist view of the world had been worked out in great detail, but Marx needed to write down all of the details of his world view to further clarify the new critique of political economy in his own mind. [79]