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The topic of state responsibility was one of the first 14 areas provisionally selected for the ILC's attention in 1949. [7] When the ILC listed the topic for codification in 1953, "state responsibility" was distinguished from a separate topic on the "treatment of aliens", reflecting the growing view that state responsibility encompasses the breach of an international obligation.
Diplomatic protection, which has been confirmed in different cases of the Permanent Court of International Justice and the International Court of Justice, is a discretionary right of a state and may take any form that is not prohibited by international law. It can include consular action, negotiations with the other state, political and ...
It was the first international legal instrument to address climate change and the most comprehensive international attempt to address negative impacts to global environment. [3] The CBDR principle acknowledges that all states have shared obligation to address environmental destruction but denies equal responsibility of all states with regard to ...
Countermeasure in public international law refers to reprisals [a] not involving the use of force. In other words, it refers to non-violent acts which are illegal in themselves, but become legal when executed by one state in response to the commission of an earlier internationally wrongful act by another state in order to induce that state to comply with its legal obligations.
Bound volumes of the American Journal of International Law at the University of Münster, Germany. International law, also known as public international law and the law of nations, is the set of rules, norms, legal customs and standards that states and other actors feel an obligation to obey in their mutual relations and generally do obey.
Thousands of Afghans rushed to Kabul's airport trying to flee the country as the Taliban seized power. Wakil Kohsar / AFP via Getty ImagesChaotic scenes in Kabul accompanied the return to power of ...
Consequently, any state has the right to invoke state responsibility [1] in order to hold the responsible state legally liable and required to pay reparations. Erga omnes obligations attach when there is a serious breach of peremptory norms of international law like those against piracy , genocide and wars of aggression .
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