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The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.Usually considered one of the most consequential amendments, it addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to formerly enslaved Americans following the American Civil War.
It is a popular interpretation that the Fourteenth Amendment was always meant to ensure equal rights for all those in the United States. [18] This argument was used by Charles Sumner when he used the Fourteenth Amendment as the basis for his arguments to expand the protections afforded to black Americans. [19]
The 14th Amendment was born from Black activism. Following the Civil War, Congress passed three Constitutional amendments designed to promote racial justice. ... A History of Race and Rights in ...
After all, basic rights of citizenship, like suffrage and equal treatment, were denied certain racial groups for a hundred years after the 14th Amendment. “The idea of a law applying to ‘all ...
The Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed equal protection to all people but Southern states contended that the requirement of equality could be met in a way that kept the races separate. Furthermore, the state and federal courts tended to reject the pleas by African Americans that their Fourteenth Amendment rights were violated, arguing that the ...
Ratified in 1868, interpretations of the 14th Amendment have been key in extending a slew of legal protections including civil rights, same-sex marriage, abortion rights, and beyond. Here’s what ...
Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356 (1886), was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that a prima facie race-neutral law administered in a prejudicial manner infringed upon the right to equal protection guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Montgomery, Alabama bus segregation is unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment protections for equal treatment NAACP v. Alabama: 1958 357 U.S. 449 privacy of NAACP membership lists, and free association of members Cooper v. Aaron: 1958 358 U.S. 1 Federal court enforcement of desegregation Boynton v. Virginia: 1960 364 U.S. 454