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For each natural number n, the edgeless graph (or empty graph) K n of order n is the graph with n vertices and zero edges. An edgeless graph is occasionally referred to as a null graph in contexts where the order-zero graph is not permitted. [1] [2] It is a 0-regular graph. The notation K n arises from the fact that the n-vertex edgeless graph ...
The English language was a fusional language, this means the language makes use of inflectional changes to convey grammatical meanings. Although the inflectional complexity of English has been largely reduced in the course of development, the inflectional endings can be seen in earlier forms of English, such as the Early Modern English (abbreviated as EModE).
The complement graph of a complete graph is an empty graph. If the edges of a complete graph are each given an orientation, the resulting directed graph is called a tournament. K n can be decomposed into n trees T i such that T i has i vertices. [6] Ringel's conjecture asks if the complete graph K 2n+1 can be decomposed into copies of any tree ...
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In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
1. Factorial: if n is a positive integer, n! is the product of the first n positive integers, and is read as "n factorial". 2. Double factorial: if n is a positive integer, n!! is the product of all positive integers up to n with the same parity as n, and is read as "the double factorial of n". 3.
H(n)/G(n) goes to 0 as n goes to infinity exponentially rapidly, where H(n) is the number of (non-isomorphic) highly irregular graphs with n vertices, and G(n) is the total number of graphs with n vertices. [3] For every graph G, there exists a highly irregular graph H containing G as an induced subgraph. [3] This last observation can be ...
the chromatic number of a graph in graph theory; the Euler characteristic in algebraic topology; electronegativity in the periodic table; the Fourier transform of a linear response function; a character in mathematics; especially a Dirichlet character in number theory; sometimes the mole fraction; a characteristic or indicator function in ...