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The model was further developed together with Warren Weaver in their co-authored 1949 book The Mathematical Theory of Communication. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It aims to provide a formal representation of the basic elements and relations involved in the process of communication .
Many models of communication include the idea that a sender encodes a message and uses a channel to transmit it to a receiver. Noise may distort the message along the way. The receiver then decodes the message and gives some form of feedback. [1] Models of communication simplify or represent the process of communication.
Lasswell's model is also utilized in pedagogical settings to teach students the major elements of the communication process and as a starting point for developing hypotheses. Lasswell and others have used his model beyond the scope of mass communication as a tool for the analysis of all forms of verbal communication.
Gerhard Maletzke applied the SMCR model to mass communication in his 1978 book The Psychology of Mass Communication. He sees communication as a form of persuasion. He discusses factors influencing the behavior of the communicators and the outcome of the communication, like the image source and receiver have of each other.
For communication to be effective, the sender and receiver must share the same code. In ordinary communication, the sender and receiver roles are usually interchangeable. Depending on the language's functions, the issuer fulfills the expressive or emotional function, in which feelings, emotions, and opinions are manifested, such as The way is ...
[4] [5] Later, Wilbur Schramm introduced a model that identified multiple variables in communication which includes the transmitter, encoding, media, decoding, and receiver. [ 6 ] In Berlo's SMCR model, the sender is one who sends the message, the receiver receives the message, which is transmitted through the channel where disturbances might ...
Their findings not only suggested that the content of the communication has an impact on attitude change but so do the attributes of the receiver. A 1953 follow up study conducted by Lumsdaine and Janis [14] explored the resistance of opinion change motivated by argument structure. The findings summarized that two sided messages were more ...
Dyadic communication is communication between two people; a dyad is a group of two people between whom messages are sent and received. Relational communication is communication in which meaning is created by two people simultaneously filling the roles of sender and receiver.