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The term statute of frauds comes from the Statute of Frauds, an act of the Parliament of England (29 Chas. 2 c. 3) passed in 1677 (authored by Lord Nottingham assisted by Sir Matthew Hale, Sir Francis North and Sir Leoline Jenkins [2] and passed by the Cavalier Parliament), the long title of which is: An Act for Prevention of Frauds and Perjuries.
These statutes are also applicable to corrupt federal officials. [6] In addition, federal officials are subject to the federal bribery, graft, and conflict-of-interest crimes contained in Title 18, Chapter 11 of the United States Code , 18 U.S.C. §§ 201–227, which do not apply to state and local officials.
The statute provides that anyone who violates the law "is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not less than $5,000 and not more than $10,000, as adjusted by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, [24] plus 3 times the amount of damages which the Government sustains because of the act of that person."
Statute of Frauds and the Doctrine of Consideration (1937) Cmnd 5449 was a report by the Law Revision Committee on the consideration and formality in English contract law and other areas. It did not recommend abolition of the doctrine of consideration but made a series of recommendations to overturn the existing restrictions that had been ...
More than 880,400 people reported losing over $12.5 billion under similar circumstances to the FBI that same year. Both agencies saw a 10% increase in reports from the year before.
Review Fraud – Alex Copola Podgor, Ellen S. Criminal Fraud, (1999) Vol, 48, No. 4 American Law Review 1. The Nature, Extent and Economic Impact of Fraud in the UK. February, 2007. The Fraudsters – How Con Artists Steal Your Money. ISBN 978-1-903582-82-4 by Eamon Dillon, published September 2008 by Merlin Publishing; Zhang, Yingyu.
The government has a separate act known as the 'Fraud Act' to cover frauds mainly committed by false representation, failing to disclose information and abuse of position. [6] The ' Action Fraud ' is the 's National fraud and internet crime reporting centre. Action fraud covers all type of A-Z frauds including Mass Marketing Frauds.
It is often mentioned that common law statutes can be interpreted by using the Golden Rule, the Mischief Rule or the Literal Rule. However, according to Francis Bennion , author of texts on statutory interpretation, [ 8 ] there are no such simple devices to elucidate complex statutes, "[i]nstead there are a thousand and one interpretative ...