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Aspartate transaminase, as with all transaminases, operates via dual substrate recognition; that is, it is able to recognize and selectively bind two amino acids (Asp and Glu) with different side-chains. [16] In either case, the transaminase reaction consists of two similar half-reactions that constitute what is referred to as a ping-pong ...
The transaminase enzymes are important in the production of various amino acids, and measuring the concentrations of various transaminases in the blood is important in the diagnosing and tracking many diseases. [citation needed] For example, the presence of elevated transaminases can be an indicator of liver and cardiac damage.
In the case of aspartate transaminase, which can act on tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, it reversibly transfers an amino group from one molecule to the other. [ 46 ] The reaction, for example, follows the following order: L-aspartate +2-oxoglutarate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } oxaloacetate + L-glutamate.
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GOT1 gene. [5] [6] Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme which exists in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial forms, GOT1 and GOT2, respectively. GOT plays a role in amino acid metabolism and the urea and tricarboxylic acid ...
The products usually are either alanine, aspartate or glutamate, since their corresponding alpha-keto acids are produced through metabolism of fuels. Being a major degradative aminoacid pathway, lysine , proline and threonine are the only three amino acids that do not always undergo transamination and rather use respective dehydrogenase.
Aspartate: Oxaloacetate-This is a reversible reaction forming oxaloacetate from aspartate in a transamination reaction, via aspartate transaminase. Glutamate: α-Ketoglutarate: Glutamate + NAD + + H 2 O NH 4 + + α-Ketoglutarate + NADH. This reaction is catalysed by glutamate-dehydrogenase. Propionyl-CoA: Succinyl-CoA-
Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GOT2 gene. Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase is a pyridoxal phosphate -dependent enzyme which exists in cytoplasmic and inner-membrane mitochondrial forms, GOT1 and GOT2, respectively.
The biosynthesis of asparagine originates with aspartate using a transaminase enzyme. The enzyme asparagine synthetase produces asparagine, AMP, glutamate, and pyrophosphate from aspartate, glutamine, and ATP. In the asparagine synthetase reaction, ATP is used to activate aspartate, forming β-aspartyl-AMP.