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Crowdsourcing is a collaborative sourcing model in which a large and diverse number of people or organizations can contribute to a common goal or project. First examples of crowdsourcing science can be found during the 19th century.
H.G. Wells World Brain (1936–1938). The concept (although not so named) originated in 1785 with the Marquis de Condorcet, whose "jury theorem" states that if each member of a voting group is more likely than not to make a correct decision, the probability that the highest vote of the group is the correct decision increases with the number of members of the group. [20]
Contemporary crowdsourcing often involves digital platforms to attract and divide work between participants to achieve a cumulative result. Crowdsourcing is not limited to online activity, however, and there are various historical examples of crowdsourcing. The word crowdsourcing is a portmanteau of "crowd" and "outsourcing".
Eyewire is a citizen science game from Sebastian Seung's Lab at Princeton University.It is a human-based computation game that uses players to map retinal neurons. Eyewire launched on December 10, 2012.
Crowd computing is a form of distributed work where tasks that are hard for computers to do, are handled by large numbers of humans distributed across the internet.. It is an overarching term encompassing tools that enable idea sharing, non-hierarchical decision making and utilization of "cognitive surplus" - the ability of the world’s population to collaborate on large, sometimes global ...
Crowdmapping is a subtype of crowdsourcing [1] [2] by which aggregation of crowd-generated inputs such as captured communications and social media feeds are combined with geographic data to create a digital map that is as up-to-date as possible [3] on events such as wars, humanitarian crises, crime, elections, or natural disasters.
The psychology of a crowd is a collective behaviour realised by the individuals within it. Crowd psychology (or mob psychology) is a subfield of social psychology which examines how the psychology of a group of people differs from the psychology of any one person within the group.
The connections and pathways of the internet could be seen as the pathways of neurons and synapses in a global brain. The global brain is a neuroscience-inspired and futurological vision of the planetary information and communications technology network that interconnects all humans and their technological artifacts. [1]