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Ocean stratification is the natural separation of an ocean's water into horizontal layers by density. This is generally stable stratification , because warm water floats on top of cold water, and heating is mostly from the sun, which reinforces that arrangement.
These sedimentary structures are remnants of burrows and tunnels excavated by marine organisms that live on the ocean floor. [1] These organisms churn and burrow through mud and sand a process called bioturbation. [1] They ingest the sediment, digest the organic matter, and leave behind the remnants which fills the burrow. [1] Tidal bundle
Stratification in water is the formation in a body of water of relatively distinct and stable layers by density. It occurs in all water bodies where there is stable density variation with depth. Stratification is a barrier to the vertical mixing of water, which affects the exchange of heat, carbon, oxygen and nutrients. [1]
Stratification (seeds), where seeds are treated to simulate winter conditions so that germination may occur; Stratification (clinical trials), partitioning of subjects by a factors other than the intervention; Stratification (vegetation), the vertical layering of vegetation e.g. within a forest
During this initial stage, when methane is relatively abundant, dense mussel beds also form near the cold seep. [3] Mostly composed of species in the genus Bathymodiolus, these mussels do not directly consume food; [3] Instead, they are nourished by symbiotic bacteria that also produce energy from methane, similar to their relatives that form ...
The organisms responsible for primary production are called primary producers or autotrophs. Most marine primary production is generated by a diverse collection of marine microorganisms called algae and cyanobacteria. Together these form the principal primary producers at the base of the ocean food chain and produce half of the world's oxygen ...
For example, air and water; both are fluids and if we consider them together then they can be seen as a stratified fluid system. Density variations in the atmosphere profoundly affect the motion of water and air. Wave phenomena in air flow over the mountains and occurrence of smog are the examples of stratification effect in the atmosphere.
Stable stratification of fluids occurs when each layer is less dense than the one below it. Unstable stratification is when each layer is denser than the one below it. Buoyancy forces tend to preserve stable stratification; the higher layers float on the lower ones. In unstable stratification, on the other hand, buoyancy forces cause convection ...