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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a form of psychotherapy designed to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was devised by Francine Shapiro in 1987. EMDR involves talking about traumatic memories while engaging in side-to-side eye movements or other forms of bilateral stimulation.
Imagery Rescripting is an experiential therapeutic technique that uses imagery and imagination to intervene in traumatic memories. [1] The process is guided by a therapist who works with the client to define ways to work with particular traumatic memories, images, or nightmares.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: a back and forth eye movement that helps patients process traumatic events. Acceptance and commitment therapy: focuses on accepting the traumatic event rather than challenging it. [5] CBT is strongly recommended for treatment of PTSD by the American Psychological Association. [6]
Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a manualized therapy used by clinicians to help people recover from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related conditions. [1] It includes elements of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatments, one of the most widely used evidence-based therapies. [ 2 ]
Equianalgesic tables are available in different formats, such as pocket-sized cards for ease of reference. [1] A frequently-seen format has the drug names in the left column, the route of administration in the center columns and any notes in the right column.
Francine Shapiro (February 18, 1948 – June 16, 2019) was an American psychologist and educator who originated and developed eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), a controversial form of psychotherapy for resolving the symptoms of traumatic and other disturbing life experiences.
Undertreatment of pain is the absence of pain management therapy for a person in pain when treatment is indicated. Consensus in evidence-based medicine and the recommendations of medical specialty organizations establish guidelines to determine the treatment for pain which health care providers ought to offer. [ 91 ]
Where is the pain? Or the maximal site of the pain. O Onset When did the pain start, and was it sudden or gradual? Include also whether it is progressive or regressive. C Character What is the pain like? An ache? Stabbing? R Radiation: Does the pain radiate anywhere? A Associations Any other signs or symptoms associated with the pain? T Time course