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Continuously variable slope delta modulation (CVSD or CVSDM) is a voice coding method. It is a delta modulation with variable step size (i.e., special case of adaptive delta modulation), first proposed by Greefkes and Riemens in 1970. CVSD encodes at 1 bit per sample, so that audio sampled at 16 kHz is encoded at 16 kbit/s.
Speech coding is an application of data compression to digital audio signals containing speech. Speech coding uses speech-specific parameter estimation using audio signal processing techniques to model the speech signal, combined with generic data compression algorithms to represent the resulting modeled parameters in a compact bitstream.
However, when the speaker varies their speech intentionally, for example to indicate sarcasm, this usually involves the use of prosodic features. The most useful prosodic feature in detecting sarcasm is a reduction in the mean fundamental frequency relative to other speech for humor, neutrality, or sincerity.
Categorization for signal modulation based on data and carrier types. In electronics and telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a separate signal called the modulation signal that typically contains information to be transmitted. [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 31 January 2025. Artificial production of human speech Automatic announcement A synthetic voice announcing an arriving train in Sweden. Problems playing this file? See media help. Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system used for this purpose is called a speech ...
The shapes of the modulation filters have been estimated [65] and an “envelope power spectrum model” (EPSM) based on these filters can account for AM masking patterns and AM depth discrimination. [66] The EPSM has been extended to the prediction of speech intelligibility [67] and to account for data from a broad variety of psychoacoustic ...
Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent analog signals. It is the standard form of digital audio in computers, compact discs , digital telephony and other digital audio applications.
Traditionally, the minimal linguistic unit of phonetics is the phone—a speech sound in a language which differs from the phonological unit of phoneme; the phoneme is an abstract categorization of phones and it is also defined as the smallest unit that discerns meaning between sounds in any given language. [2]