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Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a
The ammonia from reaction (III) is recycled back to the initial brine solution of reaction (I). The sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3) precipitate from reaction (I) is then converted to the final product, sodium carbonate (washing soda: Na 2 CO 3), by calcination (160–230 °C), producing water and carbon dioxide as byproducts:
An acid salt can be mixed with certain base salt (such as sodium bicarbonate or baking soda) to create baking powders which release carbon dioxide. [10] Leavening agents can be slow-acting (e.g. sodium aluminum phosphate) which react when heated, or fast-acting (e.g., cream of tartar) which react immediately at low temperatures. Double-acting ...
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3) or baking soda, also a component in fire extinguishers, is often generated from sodium carbonate. Although NaHCO 3 is itself an intermediate product of the Solvay process, the heating needed to remove the ammonia that contaminates it decomposes some NaHCO 3 , making it more economical to react finished Na 2 CO 3 ...
The bicarbonate ion (hydrogencarbonate ion) is an anion with the empirical formula HCO − 3 and a molecular mass of 61.01 daltons; it consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens.
It can be formed through the reaction of dilute solutions of carbonic acid (such as seltzer water) and magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia). It can be prepared through the synthesis of magnesium acetate and sodium bicarbonate: Mg(CH 3 COO) 2 + 2 NaHCO 3 → Mg(HCO 3) 2 + 2 CH 3 COONa. Magnesium bicarbonate exists only in aqueous solution.
An example of a spontaneous (without addition of an external energy source) decomposition is that of hydrogen peroxide which slowly decomposes into water and oxygen (see video at right): 2 H 2 O 2 → 2 H 2 O + O 2. This reaction is one of the exceptions to the endothermic nature of decomposition reactions.
For example, sodium hydroxide, NaOH, is a strong base. NaOH(aq) → Na + (aq) + OH − (aq) Therefore, when a strong acid reacts with a strong base the neutralization reaction can be written as H + + OH − → H 2 O. For example, in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide the sodium and chloride ions, Na + and Cl − take ...