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The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union [e] ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.
In the many decades between the Revolutionary War and the Civil War, such divisions became increasingly irreconcilable and contentious. [1] Events in the 1850s culminated with the election of the anti-slavery Republican Abraham Lincoln as president on November 6, 1860.
Battles of the American Civil War were fought between April 12, 1861, and May 12–13, 1865 in 19 states, mostly Confederate (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia [A]), the District of Columbia, and six territories (Arizona ...
April–June 1865 – American Civil War ends as the last elements of the Confederacy surrender; 1865 – Ku Klux Klan founded; 1865 – Slavery abolished by the Thirteenth Amendment. 1866 – Civil Rights Act of 1866; 1866 - Tennessee becomes the first Confederate state readmitted to the union; 1867 – Tenure of Office Act enacted
The First Battle of Bull Run, on July 21, 1861, was the first major land battle of the war.Until this time, the North was generally confident about its prospects for quickly crushing the rebellion with an easy, direct strike against the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia.
During the Civil War Centennial, the U.S. Post Office issued five postage stamps commemorating the 100th anniversaries of famous battles. See also: Civil War on postage stamps. The American Civil War Centennial was the official United States commemoration of the American Civil War.