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Compared with CHAP, [3] MS-CHAP: [4] [5] works by negotiating CHAP Algorithm 0x80 (0x81 for MS-CHAPv2) in LCP option 3, Authentication Protocol. It provides an authenticator-controlled password change mechanism. It provides an authenticator-controlled authentication retry mechanism and defines failure codes returned in the Failure packet ...
In a Windows network, NT (New Technology) LAN Manager (NTLM) is a suite of Microsoft security protocols intended to provide authentication, integrity, and confidentiality to users. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] NTLM is the successor to the authentication protocol in Microsoft LAN Manager (LANMAN), an older Microsoft product.
As an extension of the HMAC-based one-time password algorithm (HOTP), it has been adopted as Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard RFC 6238. [1] TOTP is the cornerstone of Initiative for Open Authentication (OATH) and is used in a number of two-factor authentication [1] (2FA) systems.
Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI) is a component of Windows API that performs security-related operations such as authentication.. SSPI functions as a common interface to several Security Support Providers (SSPs): [1] A Security Support Provider is a dynamic-link library (DLL) that makes one or more security packages available to apps.
The set of algorithms that cipher suites usually contain include: a key exchange algorithm, a bulk encryption algorithm, and a message authentication code (MAC) algorithm. [1] The key exchange algorithm is used to exchange a key between two devices. This key is used to encrypt and decrypt the messages being sent between two machines.
LAN Manager authentication uses a particularly weak method of hashing a user's password known as the LM hash algorithm, stemming from the mid-1980s when viruses transmitted by floppy disks were the major concern. [7] Although it is based on DES, a well-studied block cipher, the LM hash has several weaknesses in its design. [8]
The current Windows user information on the client computer is supplied by the web browser through a cryptographic exchange involving hashing with the Web server. If the authentication exchange initially fails to identify the user, the web browser will prompt the user for a Windows user account user name and password.
The simplest example of a challenge-response protocol is password authentication, where the challenge is asking for the password and the valid response is the correct password. An adversary who can eavesdrop on a password authentication can authenticate themselves by reusing the intercepted password. One solution is to issue multiple passwords ...