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NADPH is used as a reducing agent in many anabolic reactions. Proton translocating NAD(P) + transhydrogenase is one of the main ways that cells can regenerate NADPH after it is used. In E. coli, this pathway contribute equal amounts of NADPH as the pentose phosphate pathway, and both were the main producers of NADPH under standard growth ...
In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), oncogenic activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway can happen as a function of overexpression of upstream regulators like EGFR, activating mutations of PIK3CA, loss of function or expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and the proline-rich inositol polyphosphatase, which are downregulators ...
Transhydrogenase may stand for NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (Re/Si-specific) NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (Si-specific) Proton-Translocating NAD(P)+ Transhydrogenase; Hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase; Glutathione—cystine transhydrogenase; Lactate—malate transhydrogenase; Glutathione—homocystine transhydrogenase; Glutathione—CoA-glutathione ...
NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NNT gene on chromosome 5. [5] [6] [7] The NNT gene contains 26 exons and encodes a transhydrogenase protein that is ~109 kDa in molecular weight and is involved in antioxidant defense in the mitochondria. Two alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same ...
In biochemistry, NAD(P) + transhydrogenase (Si-specific) (EC 1.6.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. NADPH + NAD + NADP + + NADH. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are NADPH and NAD +, whereas its two products are NADP + and NADH. This enzyme participates in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
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