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Photograph from the Penha Sanctuary picturing the city of Guimarães in 2013. Known as the "Birthplace of Portugal" or "The Cradle City", Guimarães played a crucial role in the foundation of the oldest nation state in the world, serving as it's first capital and the site of the Battle of São Mamede in 1128, where Portugal secured it's independence from the Kingdom of Galicia.
Ulysses Silveira Guimarães was born in the village of Itaqueri da Serra, today a district of Itirapina, which was then part of Rio Claro, São Paulo State.He had an active academic life, participating in the Centro Acadêmico XI de Agosto (August XI Academic Center) and held the position of vice president of the União Nacional dos Estudantes (National Union of Students).