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Oenology (also enology; / iː ˈ n ɒ l ə dʒ i / [1] [2] ee-NOL-o-jee) is the science and study of wine and winemaking.Oenology is distinct from viticulture, which is the science of the growing, cultivation, and harvesting of grapes. [3]
Research done by the institute has looked at "oxidation, hazes and deposits caused by trace amounts of iron and copper, and the need for better yeast strains, more effective use of sulphur dioxide, and pH control" as well as "research into new grape varieties". [2] The institute introduced a calculator for enologists in 2023.
Examples of downy and powdery mildew on a grape leaf Manual grape gathering. A viticulturist faces many hazards that can have an adverse effect on the wine produced from the grape or kill the vine itself. When the vine is flowering, it is very susceptible to strong winds and hail.
The fruits used in winemaking are fermented using yeast and aged in wood barrels to improve the taste and flavor quality. [4] Ice wine – Ice wine is a type of dessert wine made from frozen grapes. Grapes are frozen on the vine around 20 °F (-7 °C), and late crushed in a grape press.
A wine fault or defect is an unpleasant characteristic of a wine often resulting from poor winemaking practices or storage conditions, and leading to wine spoilage. Many of the compounds that cause wine faults are already naturally present in wine but at insufficient concentrations to adversely affect it.
The natural occurrence of fermentation means it was probably first observed long ago by humans. [3] The earliest uses of the word "fermentation" in relation to winemaking was in reference to the apparent "boiling" within the must that came from the anaerobic reaction of the yeast to the sugars in the grape juice and the release of carbon dioxide.
Biodynamic wines are wines made employing the pseudo-scientific methods called biodynamic both to grow the fruit and during the post-harvest processing. Biodynamic wine production uses organic farming methods (e.g., employing compost as fertilizer and avoiding most pesticides) while also employing soil supplements prepared according to Rudolf Steiner's formulas, following a planting calendar ...
With three on-site teaching and research vineyards, Winery and Viticulture students are taught the day-to-day responsibilities and inner workings of a winery, from planting grapes to selling wine. Students form teams dedicated to making a specific variety of wine.