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Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are found in coated vesicles and clathrin-coated pits. AP complexes connect cargo proteins and lipids to clathrin at vesicle budding sites, as well as binding accessory proteins that regulate coat assembly and disassembly (such as AP180 , epsins and auxilin ).
The AP2 adaptor complex is a multimeric protein that works on the cell membrane to internalize cargo in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [1] It is a stable complex of four adaptins which give rise to a structure that has a core domain and two appendage domains attached to the core domain by polypeptide linkers.
The protein's name refers to this lattice structure, deriving from Latin clathri meaning lattice. [2] Barbara Pearse named the protein clathrin at the suggestion of Graeme Mitchison, selecting it from three possible options. [3] Coat-proteins, like clathrin, are used to build small vesicles in order to transport molecules within cells.
Clathrin adaptor proteins, also known as adaptins, are proteins that mediate the formation of vesicles for intracellular trafficking and secretion. Adaptins are clustered subunits of adaptor protein (AP) complexes. [1] There are several types of adaptin, each related to a different AP complex.
Protein skimming removes certain organic compounds, including proteins and amino acids found in food particles and fish waste, by using the polarity of the protein itself. . Due to their intrinsic charge, water-borne proteins are either repelled or attracted by the air–water interface and these molecules can be described as hydrophobic (such as fats or oils) or hydrophilic (such as salt ...
AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2A1 gene. [5] This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein 2 (AP2 adaptors) complex found in clathrin coated vesicles. The AP-2 complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two large adaptins (alpha or beta), a medium adaptin (mu), and a small ...
The protein encoded by this gene is one of two large chain components of the AP2 adaptor complex, which serves to link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. The encoded protein is found on the cytoplasmic face of coated vesicles in the plasma membrane. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [7]
A small portion of an accessory protein binds specifically to part of AP-2 complex Protein phosphorylation allows specific interactions with a clathrin adaptor protein complex. The best characterized type of vesicle is the clathrin coated vesicle (CCV). The formation of a COPII vesicle at the endoplasmic reticulum and its transport to the Golgi ...
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