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Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and FGF-β, is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF2 gene. [5] [6] It binds to and exerts effects via specific fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) proteins, themselves a family of closely related molecules.
Fibroblast growth factor protein was first purified in 1975, but soon afterwards others using different conditions isolated acidic FGF, Heparin-binding growth factor-1, and Endothelial cell growth factor-1. [7] Gene sequencing revealed that this group was actually the same growth factor and that FGF1 was a member of a family of FGF proteins.
In humans, 23 members of the FGF family have been identified, all of which are structurally related signaling molecules: [2] [3] [4] Members FGF1 through FGF10 all bind fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs). FGF1 is also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor, and FGF2 is also known as basic fibroblast growth factor.
Fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFBP1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] FGFBP1, or HBP17, binds to both acidic FGF1 and basic FGF2 fibroblast growth factors in a reversible manner.
A bone growth factor is a growth factor that stimulates the growth of bone tissue. [1] [2]Known bone growth factors include insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs ...
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR-1), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, fms-related tyrosine kinase-2 / Pfeiffer syndrome, and CD331, is a receptor tyrosine kinase whose ligands are specific members of the fibroblast growth factor family. FGFR-1 has been shown to be associated with Pfeiffer syndrome, [5] and ...