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The enzyme DNA topoisomerase IIα prominently appears along the chromosome axis as part of the scaffold. [3] In mitosis, it is concentrated at the centromeres and the axis along the chromosome arms. It is thought that the protein has a role in untangling the DNA as the loops become more concentrated along the axis during the condensation of the ...
They play vital roles in regulating processes like nucleosome remodeling, DNA replication, RNA synthesis and processing, nuclear transport, steroid hormone action and interphase/mitosis transition. [1] Scaffold proteins, DNA polymerase, Heterochromatin Protein 1 and Polycomb are common non-histone proteins. This classification group also ...
This leads to an issue due to the fact that DNA polymerase is only able to add to the 3' end of the DNA strand. The 3'-5' action of DNA polymerase along the parent strand leaves a short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) region at the 3' end of the parent strand when the Okazaki fragments have been repaired.
A DNA polymerase is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of DNA molecules from nucleoside triphosphates, the molecular precursors of DNA. These enzymes are essential for DNA replication and usually work in groups to create two identical DNA duplexes from a single original DNA duplex.
In nature, DNA can form three structures, A-, B-, and Z-DNA. A- and B-DNA are very similar, forming right-handed helices, whereas Z-DNA is a left-handed helix with a zig-zag phosphate backbone. Z-DNA is thought to play a specific role in chromatin structure and transcription because of the properties of the junction between B- and Z-DNA.
Chromosome scaffold has important role to hold the chromatin into compact chromosome. Chromosome scaffold is made of proteins including condensin, topoisomerase IIα and kinesin family member 4 (KIF4) [7] Dinoflagellates are very divergent eukaryotes in terms of how they package their DNA. Their chromosomes are packed in a liquid-crystalline ...
Chromosome scaffold has important role to hold the chromatin into compact chromosome. Chromosome scaffold is made of proteins including condensin , topoisomerase IIα and kinesin family member 4 (KIF4) [ 27 ] Chromosome scaffold constituent proteins are also called scaffold protein.
MCM2-7 is required for both DNA replication initiation and elongation; its regulation at each stage is a central feature of eukaryotic DNA replication. [3] During G1 phase, the two head-to-head Mcm2-7 rings serve as the scaffold for the assembly of the bidirectional replication initiation complexes at the replication origin.