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Pinealectomy is the surgical removal of the pineal gland, used often on birds to study circadian rhythms. Pneumonectomy is the surgical removal of a lung. Polypectomy is the surgical removal of an abnormal growth of tissue known as a polyp. Posthectomy, more commonly known as circumcision, is the surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis.
Transsphenoidal surgery is a type of surgery in which an endoscope or surgical instruments are inserted into part of the brain by going through the nose and the sphenoid bone (a butterfly-shaped bone forming the anterior inferior portion of the brain case) into the sphenoidal sinus cavity.
The pineal gland (also known as the pineal body [1] or epiphysis cerebri) is a small endocrine gland in the brain of most vertebrates. It produces melatonin, a serotonin-derived hormone, which modulates sleep patterns following the diurnal cycles. [2] The shape of the gland resembles a pine cone, which gives it its name. [3]
In this procedure, an electrical stimulator lead is placed around branches of the hypoglossal nerve that control tongue protrusion (e.g., genioglossus) via an incision in the neck. [26] A sensor lead is then placed in the chest between the ribs in the layer between the internal intercostal muscles and external intercostal muscles. The ...
Genioglossus advancement (GA) is a surgical procedure or sleep surgery in which the base of the tongue is pulled forward. [1] It is usually to increase airway size due to deformity or a sleep breathing disorder. This procedure is frequently performed with either uvulopalatopharyngoplasty or maxillomandibular advancement surgeries.
A pinealoma is a tumor of the pineal gland, a part of the brain that produces melatonin. If a pinealoma destroys the cells of the pineal gland in a child, it can cause precocious puberty . Signs and symptoms
An abundance of cilia and centrioles has also been found in these Type 2 cells of the pineal gland. [7] Unique to the Type 2 is the presence of vacuoles containing 2 layers of membrane. [7] As Type 1 cells contain serotonin, Type 2 cells contain melatonin and are thought to have similar characteristics as endocrine and neuronal cells. [8]
Diagnostic procedures on adrenal glands, pituitary gland, pineal gland, and thymus Partial adrenalectomy Bilateral adrenalectomy Other operations on adrenal glands, nerves, and vessels Operations on pineal gland Hypophysectomy Other operations on hypophysis Thymectomy Other operations on thymus