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Prior to the Second World War, Warsaw hosted the world's second largest Jewish population after New York – approximately 30 percent of the city's total population in the late 1930s. [53] In 1933, 833,500 out of 1,178,914 people declared Polish as their mother tongue. [142] There was also a notable German community. [143]
The country was bordered by the Baltic Sea to the north, the Soviet Union to the east, Czechoslovakia to the south, and East Germany to the west. The Polish People's Republic was a unitary state with a Marxist–Leninist government established in the country after the Red Army's takeover of Polish territory from German occupation in World
The country has 17 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, 15 of which are cultural. Poland is a founding member state of the United Nations and a member of the World Trade Organisation, OECD, NATO, and the European Union (including the Schengen Area).
The official name of the state was the Republic of Poland.In the Polish language, it was referred to as Rzeczpospolita Polska (abbr. RP), with the term Rzeczpospolita being a traditional name for the republic when referring to various Polish states, including the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (considered to be the First Polish Republic, Pierwsza Rzeczpospolita), and later, the current Third ...
The dominant customary international law standard of statehood is the declarative theory of statehood, which was codified by the Montevideo Convention of 1933. The Convention defines the state as a person of international law if it "possess[es] the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) a capacity to enter into relations with the ...
The multi-national Communist armed forces' sole joint action was the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, another Warsaw Pact member state, in August 1968. [71] All member countries, with the exception of the Socialist Republic of Romania and the People's Republic of Albania, participated in the invasion. [72]
List of countries whose capital is not their largest city; List of capitals outside the territories they serve; List of national capitals by latitude; List of countries and dependencies by population; List of towns and cities with 100,000 or more inhabitants; List of population concern organizations; List of national capitals; List of national ...
The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), [3] making it the 69th largest country in the world and the ninth largest in Europe. From a nucleus between the Oder and Vistula rivers on the North-Central European Plain , Poland has at its largest extent expanded as far as the Baltic , the Dnieper and the Carpathians ...