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Cisplatin is administered intravenously as short-term infusion in normal saline for treatment of solid and haematological malignancies. It is used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas (e.g., small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and ovarian cancer), lymphomas, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, [9] and germ cell tumors.
In this form of chemotherapy, commonly used drugs include cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and carboplatin, but several have been proposed or are under development. [1] Addition of platinum-based chemotherapy drugs to chemoradiation in women with early cervical cancer seems to improve survival and reduce risk of recurrence. [2]
Platinum(II) chloride describes the inorganic compounds with the formula Pt Cl 2.They are precursor used in the preparation of other platinum compounds. Platinum(II) chloride exists in two crystalline forms (), but the main properties are somewhat similar: dark brown, insoluble in water, diamagnetic, and odorless.
Platinum(IV) chloride is the inorganic compound of platinum and chlorine with the empirical formula PtCl 4. This brown solid features platinum in the 4+ oxidation state. This brown solid features platinum in the 4+ oxidation state.
Platinum is used as an alloying agent for various metal products, including fine wires, noncorrosive laboratory containers, medical instruments, dental prostheses, electrical contacts, and thermocouples. Platinum-cobalt, an alloy of roughly three parts platinum and one part cobalt, is used to make relatively strong permanent magnets. [38]
Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the baby. [3] Carboplatin is in the platinum-based antineoplastic family of medications and works by interfering with duplication of DNA. [3] [5] Carboplatin was developed as a less toxic analogue of cisplatin. [6] It was patented in 1972 and approved for medical use in 1989. [7]
[9] [10] As well as with Karstedt's catalyst, Speier's catalyst enjoys widespread use for hydrosilylation, the main drawback is the deliquescent properties of the catalyst. [11] It is generally agreed that chloroplatinic acid is a precursor to the actual catalyst. A possible role for colloidal platinum or zero-valent complexes has also been ...
The protamine of salmon, later named “salmine”, which can be extracted with hydrochloric acid and precipitated with platinum chloride, corresponds to about 26.8 % of the dried sperm. Protamine sulfate was approved for medical use in 1969 and now it is mainly made using recombinant biotechnology. [19] [20]