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In graph theory, the hypercube graph Q n is the graph formed from the vertices and edges of an n-dimensional hypercube. For instance, the cube graph Q 3 is the graph formed by the 8 vertices and 12 edges of a three-dimensional cube. Q n has 2 n vertices, 2 n – 1 n edges, and is a regular graph with n edges touching each vertex.
In geometry, a hypercube is an n-dimensional analogue of a square (n = 2) and a cube (n = 3); the special case for n = 4 is known as a tesseract.It is a closed, compact, convex figure whose 1-skeleton consists of groups of opposite parallel line segments aligned in each of the space's dimensions, perpendicular to each other and of the same length.
The Dalí cross, a net of a tesseract The tesseract can be unfolded into eight cubes into 3D space, just as the cube can be unfolded into six squares into 2D space.. In geometry, a tesseract or 4-cube is a four-dimensional hypercube, analogous to a two-dimensional square and a three-dimensional cube. [1]
Hypercube graph, a higher-dimensional generalization of the cube graph. 3. Folded cube graph, formed from a hypercube by adding a matching connecting opposite vertices. 4. Halved cube graph, the half-square of a hypercube graph. 5. Partial cube, a distance-preserving subgraph of a hypercube. 6. The cube of a graph G is the graph power G 3.
The unit distance graphs include the cactus graphs, the matchstick graphs and penny graphs, and the hypercube graphs. The generalized Petersen graphs are non-strict unit distance graphs. An unsolved problem of Paul Erdős asks how many edges a unit distance graph on n {\displaystyle n} vertices can have.
Hypercube graphs exhibit a similar phenomenon to cycle graphs. The two- and three-dimensional hypercube graphs (the 4-cycle and the graph of a cube, respectively) have distinguishing number three. However, every hypercube graph of higher dimension has distinguishing number only two. [4] The Petersen graph has distinguishing number 3.
The cubical graph is a special case of hypercube graph or -cube—denoted as —because it can be constructed by using the operation known as the Cartesian product of graphs. To put it in a plain, its construction involves two graphs connecting the pair of vertices with an edge to form a new graph. [30]
Let n be a positive integer, and let γ be a real number in the unit interval 0 ≤ γ ≤ 1.Suppose additionally that (1 − γ)n is an even number.Then the Frankl–Rödl graph is the graph on the 2 n vertices of an n-dimensional unit hypercube [0,1] n in which two vertices are adjacent when their Hamming distance (the number of coordinates in which the two differ) is exactly (1 − γ)n. [2]