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  2. Monolithic kernel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monolithic_kernel

    Structure of monolithic kernel, microkernel and hybrid kernel-based operating systems. A monolithic kernel is an operating system architecture with the entire operating system running in kernel space. The monolithic model differs from other architectures such as the microkernel [1] [2] in that it alone defines a high-level virtual interface ...

  3. Monolithic system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monolithic_system

    An electronic hardware system, such as a multi-core processor, is called "monolithic" if its components are integrated together in a single integrated circuit.Note that such a system may consist of architecturally separate components – in a multi-core system, each core forms a separate component – as long as they are realized on a single die.

  4. Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)

    By the early 1990s, due to the various shortcomings of monolithic kernels versus microkernels, monolithic kernels were considered obsolete by virtually all operating system researchers. [ citation needed ] As a result, the design of Linux as a monolithic kernel rather than a microkernel was the topic of a famous debate between Linus Torvalds ...

  5. Minix 3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minix_3

    Structure of monolithic kernel and microkernel-based operating systems, respectively. Reflecting on the nature of monolithic kernel based systems, where a driver (which has, according to Minix creator Tanenbaum, approximately 3–7 times as many bugs as a usual program) [17] can bring down the whole system, [18] Minix 3 aims to create an operating system that is a "reliable, self-healing ...

  6. Architecture of Windows NT - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Windows_NT

    The Windows NT operating system family's architecture consists of two layers (user mode and kernel mode), with many different modules within both of these layers.. The architecture of Windows NT, a line of operating systems produced and sold by Microsoft, is a layered design that consists of two main components, user mode and kernel mode.

  7. Hybrid kernel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_kernel

    The Windows NT operating system family's architecture consists of two layers (user mode and kernel mode), with many different modules within both of these layers.One prominent example of a hybrid kernel is the Microsoft Windows NT kernel that powers all operating systems in the Windows NT family, up to and including Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022, and powers Windows Phone 8, Windows Phone ...

  8. Distributed operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_operating_system

    Structure of monolithic kernel, microkernel and hybrid kernel-based operating systems. A distributed OS provides the essential services and functionality required of an OS but adds attributes and particular configurations to allow it to support additional requirements such as increased scale and availability.

  9. Microkernel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microkernel

    Structure of monolithic and microkernel-based operating systems, respectively. In computer science, a microkernel (often abbreviated as μ-kernel) is the near-minimum amount of software that can provide the mechanisms needed to implement an operating system (OS).