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This improper name persists, especially in elementary textbooks. In biology, the unit "%" is sometimes (incorrectly) used to denote mass concentration, also called mass/volume percentage. A solution with 1 g of solute dissolved in a final volume of 100 mL of solution would be labeled as "1%" or "1% m/v" (mass/volume). This is incorrect because ...
It is the same concept as volume percent (vol%) except that the latter is expressed with a denominator of 100, e.g., 18%. The volume fraction coincides with the volume concentration in ideal solutions where the volumes of the constituents are additive (the volume of the solution is equal to the sum of the volumes of its ingredients).
In chemistry, the mass concentration ρ i (or γ i) is defined as the mass of a constituent m i divided by the volume of the mixture V. [1]= For a pure chemical the mass concentration equals its density (mass divided by volume); thus the mass concentration of a component in a mixture can be called the density of a component in a mixture.
The final mass concentration ρ(NaCl) is ρ(NaCl) = 11.6 g / 11.6 g + 100 g = 0.104 g/g = 10.4 %. The volume of such a solution is 104.3mL (volume is directly observable); its density is calculated to be 1.07 (111.6g/104.3mL) The molar concentration of NaCl in the solution is therefore
Gas stoichiometry calculations solve for the unknown volume or mass of a gaseous product or reactant. For example, if we wanted to calculate the volume of gaseous NO 2 produced from the combustion of 100 g of NH 3, by the reaction: 4 NH 3 (g) + 7 O 2 (g) → 4 NO 2 (g) + 6 H 2 O (l) we would carry out the following calculations:
In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (x i) or the mass fraction (w i) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram.It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.
The volume concentration (not to be confused with volume fraction [3]) is defined as the volume of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture : =. Being dimensionless, it is expressed as a number, e.g., 0.18 or 18%.
The ideal gas equation can be rearranged to give an expression for the molar volume of an ideal gas: = = Hence, for a given temperature and pressure, the molar volume is the same for all ideal gases and is based on the gas constant: R = 8.314 462 618 153 24 m 3 ⋅Pa⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1, or about 8.205 736 608 095 96 × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅atm⋅K ...