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[6] [7] At Wesleyan, she began studying math anxiety (a phrase she coined) [citation needed] and other phenomena around the gender gap in STEM fields. She opened a math clinic, staffed by tutors and counselors, and published her first book, Overcoming Math Anxiety (1978). [8] [9] Tobias moved to Tucson in the 1980s.
The gender gaps in mathematics and reading achievement refer to the finding that, on average, boys and girls perform differently in mathematics and reading skills on tests. On average, boys and men score somewhat better in mathematics, while girls and women score somewhat better in reading skills. [1] [2] [3]
The gender gap in boys' favor is slightly bigger in mathematics but improvements over time in girls’ favor are also observed in certain countries, despite the important regional variations. Gender differences are observed within mathematical sub-topics with girls outperforming boys in topics such as algebra and geometry but doing less well in ...
However, overall, the gender gap in math and science for boys and girls from similar socio-economic backgrounds was not significant. [32] On the math portion of the 2019 TIMMS, taken at a similar age as the PISA, girls outperformed boys by 3 points on average, although the difference was not statistically significant. [33]
According to PISA 2015 results, 4.8% of boys and 0.4% of girls expect an ICT career. [40]Studies suggest that many factors contribute to the attitudes towards the achievement of young men in mathematics and science, including encouragement from parents, interactions with mathematics and science teachers, curriculum content, hands-on laboratory experiences, high school achievement in ...
But, girls and boys do have different strengths. On average, girls perform better in writing and boys are ahead of girls in mathematics. [2] Men and women workers in the United States have the same mean numbers of years of education which is 12.2 years. [3] But there are some discrepancies across gender when it comes to education.
In 2005, USA Today reported that the "college gender gap" was widening, stating that 57% of U.S. college students are female. [80] This gap has been gradually widening, and as of 2014, almost 45% of women had a bachelor's degree, compared to 32% of men with a bachelor's degree. [81]
The gender gap in mathematics is particularly large among the highest-achieving students; for example, there is a 2.1 to 1 male-female ratio among students who score an 800 on the math portion of the SAT. [21] At least one study has challenged the existence of the gender gap in mathematics.
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